Bufo woodhousei Girard - Woodhouses Toad

Since publication of Atlas of Amphibians in Tennessee (Redmond, W. H. and A. F. Scott. 1996. The Center for Field Biology, Austin Peay State University, Clarksville, TN. 94 pp.), several applicable taxonomic and nomenclatural changes and numerous reports of new county records have appeared in the literature. Following are comments, accompanied by cited references, on the taxonomic and nomenclatural changes plus bibliographical information on county records as they pertain to B. woodhousei:

When Atlas of Amphibians in Tennessee appeared in 1996, B. woodhousei included the subspecies B. w. woodhousii, B. w. velatus, and B. w. fowleri (Collins, 1990), of which only the latter was known in Tennessee. Subsequently, B. w. fowleri was elevated to a full species under the names Bufo fowleri (Hinckley), Fowler's Toad (Crother, 2000), which is the nomenclature appropriate for Tennessee populations.

More recently at the generic level, Bufo was split by Frost et al. (2006), and all eastern North American bufonid species placed in the genus Anaxyrus.

Collins, J. T. 1990. Standard common and current scientific names for North American amphibians and reptiles. SSAR Herptol. Circ. 19.

Crother, B. I.. 2000. Scientific and standard English names of amphibians and reptiles of North American north of Mexico, with comments regarding confidence in our understanding. SSAR Herpetol. Circ. 29.

Frost, D. R., T. Grant, J. Faivovich, R. H. Bain, A. Haas, C. F. B. Haddad, R. O. De S, A. Channing, M. Wilkinson, S. C. Donnellan, C. J. Raxworthy, J. A. Campbell, B. L. Blotto, P. Moler, R. C. Drewes, R. A. Nussbaum, J. D. Lynch, D. M. Green, and W. C. Wheeler. 2006. The Amphibian Tree of Life. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History:297:1-370.

Copeland, J. E.  2008.  Anaxyrus fowleri.  Geographic distribution.  Herpetol. Rev. 39:478. 

Reynolds, R. G. and M. L. Niemiller. 2011. Fowler's Toad. Pp. 257-259 In M. L. Niemiller and R. G. Reynolds (eds.), The amphibians of Tennessee. The University of Tennessee Press, Knoxville. 369 pp.

Carroll County

Hall, J. M. 2016. Geographic distribution: Anaxyrus fowleri. Herpetol. Rev. 47:76.

Scott, A. F., S. Sutton, and S. Williamson. 2000. New county records of amphibians and turtles from the Western Highland Rim of central Tennessee. Herpetol. Rev. 31:117-118.

Lawrence County

Messer, H.A. and B.P. Butterfield.  2007.  New records for anurans from Lawrence County, Tennessee.  Herpetol. Rev. 38:245.

Marshall County 

Haislip, N.  2007.  Geographic distribution.  Bufo fowleri.  Herpetol. Rev. 38:473.

Maury County 

Foster, N. Y., C. Conway, M. Dillashaw, M. Christensen, M. Williams, M. A. Blackmore, S. Burress, B. Ferguson, A. Feustel, C. Gibson, C. Hargrove, J. Johnston, W. Kerr, C. King, A. G. Lowry, T. Manor, B. Mashburn, R. Melson, N. Newton, K. Sanders, A. Villaneuva, H. Weber and J. White.   2013. Geographic distribution of herpetofauna of Middle Tennessee. Herpetol. Rev. 44:484-486.

Morgan County 

Faust, T.M.  2008.  Geographic distribution. Anaxyrus fowleri.  Herpetol. Rev. 39:104-5.

Warren County

Miller, J. A., J. H. Miller, M. L. Niemiller, and B. T. Miller.  2006.  Bufo fowleri.  Geographic distribution.  Herpetol. Rev. 37:486.